Proverbs 12:10

A righteous man regardeth the life of his beast: but the tender mercies of the wicked are cruel.
– Proverbs 12:10

The word for righteous is common and means justice. It gives the idea of dealing justly or fairly with others. Here the righteous man is considerate of the life of his beast. The phrase expresses how thorough his kindness is as it extends to animal life. The law had certain provisions pertaining to animals and their treatment (Exodus 22:20; Leviticus 22:27-28; Deuteronomy 22:6; 25:4). The righteous man has understanding, particularly of the creation and the respect we should have for it. The contrast with the wicked is heightened by comparing their conduct toward people. The word for tender mercies means compassion. The phrase expresses that the wicked have so little regard for others that even their compassion is cruel.

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Proverbs 12:9

He that is despised, and hath a servant, is better then he that honoureth himself, and lacketh bread.
– Proverbs 12:9

This is one of the proverbs that deals with reality versus appearances. Despised here refers to someone of mean standing in the community. They have humility of circumstances. The fact they have a servant illustrates they have some means, though modest, through honest work and gain. To be better means to be better off, or in a better state than another. In this case, the first is better than the one who boasts and promotes himself to be seen as wealthy, powerful, etc. when he is poor in reality. Jesus spoke of this sort of humility when he taught that we should let another honor us if honor is indeed due us rather than taking honor to ourselves (Luke 14:8-11).

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Proverbs 12:8

A man shall be commended according to his wisdom: but he that is of a perverse heart shall be despised.
– Proverbs 12:8

The word for wisdom means intelligence or good sense. It indicates clear thinking as opposed to the perverse, or crooked, mind. Wisdom here sees things as they are and makes prudent assessments. Wisdom is therefore commended or celebrated. Perverse thinking fails in analyzing reality and the resulting counsels are wrong. So they are despised, or held in contempt.

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Proverbs 12:7

The wicked are overthrown, and are not: but the house of the righteous shall stand.
– Proverbs 12:7

This proverb refers to the wicked being cut off (Proverbs 2:22). Wisdom teaches there is no stability or longevity in the folly of wickedness. Contrariwise, the righteous will be established and their expectation not ashamed (Proverbs 2:21).

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Proverbs 12:6

The words of the wicked are to lie in wait for blood: but the mouth of the upright shall deliver them.
– Proverbs 12:6

To lie in wait for blood is to set a trap. The words of the wicked are here distinguished from their plans. Their very speech is a snare as well as their schemes (Proverbs 1:11-19). The mouth of the upright is contrasted because their words deliver from snares and nets (Proverbs 10:13, 21, 32). The tension in this proverb is over the instruction of the simple. Will the wicked lure them, or will they learn wisdom at the mouth of the upright? The thought of deliverance here is akin to winning souls in Proverbs 11:30.

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Proverbs 12:5

The thoughts of the righteous are right: but the counsels of the wicked are deceit.
– Proverbs 12:5

The principle in this proverbs was expressed by Jesus in terms of a tree bearing fruit only according to its type (Matthew 7:17-19). The word for thoughts means plans or intentions. The intentions of the righteous are the fruit they produce, which fruit is right. The word for counsels literally means steerage and indicates guidance or advice. These are the fruit produced by the wicked and, therefore, they are deceit, or treachery. Kidner observed that we ignore this proverb when we elect leaders based “on the strength of their promises rather than their principles.”

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Proverbs 12:4

A virtuous woman is a crown to her husband: but she that maketh ashamed is as rottenness in his bones.
– Proverbs 12:4

The word for virtuous means strength, ability, resource, and efficiency. Today we would think of virtuous as meaning of high moral fiber, but the word in this proverb is fuller and richer in meaning. She is not a prudish woman but she is a woman of substance, intelligence, and accomplishment. A virtuous woman is described more fully in Proverbs 31:10-25. Such a woman is a crown to her husband. She is not only an adornment, but she is ennobling to him. She is an inspiration and complement that raises him to new height. The contrasted thought is of a woman that makes ashamed. This word indicates being put to shame, embarrassed, and disappointed. Such a woman is foolish, lazy, and contentious (Proverbs 14:1; 19:13-14; 21:9, 19; 27:15-16). Such a woman is not a crown but rather like a decaying disease, rottenness in his bones. Rather than bringing her husband to greater heights as a man of substance, she reduces him and eats away at his strength and ambition. She breaks him down like termites eating away at the house structure until the roof sags and eventually caves in.

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Proverbs 12:3

A man shall not be established by wickedness: but the root of the righteous shall not be moved.
– Proverbs 12:3

A root anchors and stabilizes the tree. Having a good root means flourishing in fruit and strength to withstand storms and so to endure. There is no such root in wickedness. The word for established means to stand upright. Righteousness, on the contrary, will establish a man that he not be moved (Proverbs 10:25).

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Proverbs 12:2

A good man obtaineth favor of the LORD: but a man of wicked devices will he condemn.
– Proverbs 12:2

The good man is contrasted with the man of wicked devices. The word for wicked devices means a plan or scheme. God often subjects such to their own plans (Proverbs 1:31). The word for good is good in the greatest sense, so all kinds of good. The word for favor refers to delight and goodwill. Elsewhere, the one who finds wisdom receives the goodwill of the Lord (Proverbs 8:35).

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